Summary of Quran Chapter 30 The Romans Surah Ar-Rum

Summary of Quran Chapter 30 The Romans Surah Ar-Rum 

This surah has a special historical background, which provides undeniable proof of the truth and authenticity of Muhammad and the Holy Qur'an. At the time Prophethood was granted to Muhammad, (peace be upon him). There were two great powers in the world at that time, one was the empire of Iran, which spread over the eastern region, and each of its kings was called a "Kisra." These people were fire-worshippers, that is, they worshiped fire. 

The other great power was Rome, which extended to the north and west of Mecca. Syria, Egypt, Asia Minor, and parts of Europe were under this empire, and each of its kings was called "Qaiser" and the majority of them were Christians. At the time when this Surah was revealed, there was a fierce war between the two powers, in that war, Iran's side was heavy in every respect, and its armies defeated the Roman armies on every front. 

They had conquered major cities by defeating them until they destroyed the holiest church of the Christians in Jerusalem, the Romans were constantly pushed back, and the King of Rome, Heracles, was finding it difficult to find shelter. Since the government of Iran was an arsonist, the sympathies of the idolaters of Makkah were with it, and whenever news of any victory of Iran came, the idolaters of Makkah would not only rejoice over it but would also scold the Muslims. 

The Christian people who believe in the divine book are constantly being defeated, and the people of Iran, who do not believe in any prophet or divine book like us, are equally victorious. On this occasion, this Surah was revealed, and at the very beginning it was predicted that although the people of Rome were defeated at that time, the people of Rome have been defeated at this time though. However, in a few years, they will conquer the Iranians. 

In addition, on that day the Muslims will be happy with the help of Allah. Thus, two predictions were made simultaneously at the beginning of this Surah. One is that the people of Rome, who have been defeated, will overcome the Iranians in a few years, and the other is that the polytheists of Makkah are persecuting the Muslims at that time. On that day, they will also celebrate the victory over the polytheists. Both these prophecies were so far-fetched in the atmosphere of that time that no one aware of the conditions of that time could have made such a prediction. As the Muslims were oppressed and crushed by the persecution of the infidels at that time, there was no possibility of them celebrating their victory. 

On the other hand, the situation of the Roman Empire was such that its rise in comparison to the Iranians could not be remotely estimated. Thus, Edward Comin, the famous historian of the Roman Empire, while commenting on this prophecy, writes: "At the time when this prophecy was allegedly made, the fulfillment of any prophecy could not have been more remote, because Qaiser "During the first twelve years of Heraclius' reign, it became clear that the end of the Roman Empire was at hand." (Gibbon: The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, chapter 46, Volume 2, p.125, Great Books, v.38, University of Chicago, 1990). 

So the polytheists of Makkah made a lot of fun of this prophecy, until one of their famous leaders, Abi bin Khalaf, made a bet with Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq (RA) that if the people of Rome prevailed over the Iranians in the next nine years. So he will give Hazrat Abu Bakr a hundred camels, and if he does not prevail in that period, Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq will give him a hundred camels. (Until then this type of bilateral betting was not prohibited). 

So even after the revelation of this verse, the conquests of the Iranians continued, until they reached the walls of Constantinople, at the foot of Caesar's throne, and they responded by rejecting every offer of peace made by Caesar Heraclius. That they would accept no other offer than the head of Hercules, which resulted in Hercules planning to flee to Tunis. But soon after the situation took a strange turn, Hercules was forced to attack the Iranians from the rear, in which he achieved a success that turned the tide of the battle. 

It was only seven years after this prophecy that the news of the Roman victory reached Arabia. At the time when this news arrived, it was precisely at the time when Muhammad, PBUH, had inflicted a crushing defeat on the army of the Quraysh of Makkah at the Battle of Badr, and the Muslims experienced extraordinary joy at this victory. 

In this way, both the prophecies of the Holy Quran were fulfilled with open eyes in such a way that the circumstances did not seem to be possible, and this made the truth of Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) the Holy Quran clear as day. At that time, Ubi bin Khalaf, who had made a bet with Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA), died, but his sons paid one hundred camels to Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) according to the bet, and since gambling was prohibited at that time, and a bilateral bet is a form of gambling, so Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) ordered Siddiq Akbar (RA) to donate the camel instead of using it himself. In addition to this prediction, in this surah, the basic beliefs of Islam, monotheism, Prophethood, and the hereafter have been proven with various arguments, and the opponents have been refuted.